BEAKERS, BOOKS, AND BELT SANDERS

Location
This week we’ll meet from 3:30 to 5:30pm at the General Society of Mechanics and Tradesmen, at 20 West 44th Street in Manhattan.
Agenda
Considering the entangled legacies of mechanics’ institutes and public libraries, and the evolution of the General Society in particular, we’ll explore the past and present of education in craft and the skilled trades; the social valuation of such “training;” its perceived relationship to the liberal arts; and its gendered, classed, and racialized dimensions. We’ll also consider how we might reimagine craft and skilled labor as realms of public study and social intelligence. Angelo Vigorito, the Society’s Technical Director and Archivist, will be our primary guide, but we’ll be joined this week by Jennifer Tobias, an artist/librarian who’s studied the history of applied arts education across NYC; and Or Zubalsky, an artist; teacher; CRC advisor; co-organizer of Trade School (2009-19), a barter-based learning community; and current co-organizer (with Caroline Woolard) of Pollinator, a residency program.
To Prepare for This Week:
- Please read Wallace Kirsop, “Museums, Lyceums, Athenaeums and Mechanics’ Institutes,” Script & Print 30:4 (2006): 210-22. And just for fun: check out the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge 🙂
- Review the General Society for Mechanics and Tradesmen’s website and their Wikipedia page. Don’t miss their Mossman Lock Collection, which we’ll get to explore during our visit! The New York Center for Independent Publishing was (and maybe still is?) housed within the Society, too.
- Skim through Mechanics’ Magazine, vol. 1 (New York, 1833) and the General Society material included in Digital Culture of Metropolitan New York, a cross-institutional repository that METRO manages for the NYC region. This list of rules for the Apprentices’ Library (1832) and the range of topics addressed in the 1842-3 lecture series help to capture the vibe 🙂
- Now, please watch Jennifer Tobias, “Working with the Hands: Applied Arts Training in New York City, 1800-2020,” Bard Graduate Center (January 21, 2021) [22:40, plus Q&A], and skim through the accompanying document.
- Please explore, too, Or Zubalsky and Caroline Woolard’s work on Trade School (2009-19). To learn more, read Nana Asfour, “Trade School: Bartering for Skills with OurGoods,” The New Yorker (March 24, 2011) and skim through Woolard’s “How to Start a Trade School” (2012).
- You can learn more about Or on their website; they’ve highlighted a few projects, like their collective newsletter and circulating digital keys, that exemplify their work on socio-technical infrastructures to support public study.
- Consider other contemporary spaces for trade and craft study. Check out the embroidery classes at Tatter, glass-blowing at Brooklyn Glass, boat-building at Village Community Boathouse or Brooklyn Boatworks, creative and critical coding and hardware-building at the School for Poetic Computation, woodworking at Bien Hecho or Makeville (I’m intrigued by women’s carpentry classes!). What else?
- Let’s think, too, about what role libraries have played, do play, and/or could play in this realm. How are libraries’ career readiness and workforce development programs structured? Do libraries offer access to trade training programs? What about craft spaces (like Madison’s Bubbler) and craft supplies (like the BPL’s new Craft Supply Library)? The Goethe Institut has launched a program, “Common Crafts-Common Libraries,” to enhance the presence of craft in libraries.
Supplemental Resources
- Sidney Ditzion, “Mechanics’ and Mercantile Libraries,” The Library Quarterly 10:2 (1940): 192-219.
- Laura Flaners, “An Economy We Want to Occupy,” The Nation (March 21, 2012).
- The General Society, The General Society of Mechanics and Tradesmen of the City of New York: Manual, 1895 (The Lotus Press, 1895).
- Thomas Palmelund Johansen, “The World Wide Web of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge: On the Global Circulation of Broughamite Educational Literature, 1826-1848,” Victorian Periodicals Review 50:4 (Winter 2017): 703-20.
- Thomas Kelly, “The Origin of Mechanics’ Institutes,” British Journal of Educational Studies 1:1 (1952): 17-27.
- Mechanics’ Institutes, Wikipedia.
- “Mechanics Institutes: Past, Present, and Future,” Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh (2021).
- “Negro Education: A Study of the Private and Higher Schools for Colored People in the United States,” Department of the Interior, Buletin 38 (1916).
- Emily S. Reub, “A Trade School Where Ideas are Currency,” The New York Times (February 23, 2010).
- Jordan S. Sly, “‘Improve the Movement: Mechanics’ Institutes and the Culture of Improvement in the Nineteenth Century” in Melanie A. Kimball and Katherine M. Wisser, eds., Libraries - Traditions and Innovations: Papers from the Library History Seminar XIII (De Gruyter, 2017): 16-27.
- Caroline Woolard, “Dear Potential Trade School Organizer,” Social Text (October 14, 2013).
- Caroline Woolard and Manual Miranda, Trade School: 2009-2019 (Creative Commons)
- Caroline Woolard and Susan Jahoda, “Ways of Being: Spaces of Learning,” Art21 (October 31, 2017).